Australian scientists say they have developed a single-atom transistor consisting of a single phosphorous atom etched in a silicon crystal. It has a gate circuit that controls the current and metal contacts at the atomic level. It is expected to become the basic component of the next generation of quantum computers. The research was published in the journal Nature & Nanotechnology published on February 19. In the latest research, scientists used silicon wafers placed in a vacuum environment to make the single-atom transistor. In order to observe and manipulate the atoms located on the surface of the silicon flakes, they first covered the transistor with a layer of unreacted hydrogen atoms, and then used a scanning tunnel microscope ultra-fine metal tip to accurately select hydrogen atoms in certain areas. The ground is removed, exposing two pairs of mutually perpendicular silicon ribbons plus a small rectangle composed of 6 silicon atoms, which is located at the junction of these silicon ribbons. Next, the scientists added phosphine (PH3) gas and heated it, causing the phosphorus atoms to attach to where the silicon was exposed. Because it is rectangular, only one phosphorus atom enters the silicon network, resulting in four mutually perpendicular phosphorus electrodes And a phosphorus atom. The distance between a pair of electrodes is 108 nanometers. When a voltage is applied between them, a current can pass through a single phosphorus atom and flow between two other perpendicular electrodes with a distance of only 20 nanometers. In this way, phosphorus atoms act like transistors. Scientists say this is not the first monoatomic transistor, but the new transistor can be placed more precisely, which makes it more useful. Michelle Simmons, a research leader and director of the Quantum Computing and Communication Center at the University of New South Wales, said: "Our latest device is flawless. This is the first time scientists have demonstrated that it can be manipulated on a pedestal very accurately Single atom. " Although the transistor can work in an environment below 1 degree Kelvin (minus 272.15 degrees Celsius), the latest technological advances are expected to allow the transistor to reach a single atom level faster; scientists can also learn from this that once the device reaches the atomic level How it will work. Scientists predict that the transistor will reach the single atom level in 2020 to be consistent with Moore's Law. Copier Toner,Best Ricoh Printer Toner,Newly Ricoh Printer Cartridge,Ricoh Printer Toner jiangmen jinheng office equipment Co. Ltd. , https://www.jm-jinheng.com