Kyushu Space Mobile Soil and Water Loss Laboratory will be listed soon

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The mobile soil erosion laboratory is a portable experimental system designed for on-site investigation and observation of soil erosion processes. It consists of a variable slope soil test tank, artificial rainfall simulation equipment, a runoff erosion measurement system, power supply, lighting, and water supply and drainage systems. The setup also includes a computer data processing system, a leveling support device, and additional components such as a generator and an instrument cabinet. This innovative system represents a major breakthrough in the study of slope soil erosion. Unlike traditional fixed soil erosion tanks, which are immobile and limited in their ability to adjust slope angles or collect data quickly, this mobile lab allows for slope adjustments between 0° and 30°, enabling more flexible and efficient experimentation. It significantly accelerates data collection, reduces the time required for experiments, and improves the accuracy of soil and water conservation monitoring. During its design, the system was specifically adapted to better suit the characteristics of soil erosion in the Yangtze River basin. A key enhancement was the addition of a soil flow collection device, making the erosion testing process more practical and accurate. This equipment supports research into surface soil erosion, runoff patterns, sediment production, and the hydrodynamic behavior of slopes. It also enables effective soil and water conservation monitoring without the need for on-site civil infrastructure, saving substantial resources and improving monitoring efficiency. Traditional methods of soil erosion research involve setting up field plots with varying slopes and vegetation coverage, relying on natural rainfall for observation. While this approach has provided valuable scientific data, it is time-consuming and costly due to the unpredictability of weather conditions. To address these challenges, countries like the U.S. and Japan began developing artificial rainfall systems in the late 20th century, allowing controlled experiments independent of natural weather. In China, similar technologies were introduced in the 1980s, including the use of modified fire trucks for artificial rainfall experiments. In 2004, the Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment of the Chinese Academy of Sciences developed a mobile soil erosion tank equipped with a dedicated water supply vehicle and a lower spray-type artificial rainfall system. However, these early models were large and cumbersome, requiring multiple vehicles for transport and extensive space for operation. This made field experiments inefficient and logistically challenging. The current mobile soil erosion laboratory overcomes these limitations, offering a more compact, efficient, and versatile solution for studying soil erosion. It provides researchers with a powerful tool to conduct precise and rapid experiments under controlled conditions, supporting both academic research and practical applications in soil and water conservation.

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