2D-Double Wire Panel Mesh Fence
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Sources of hydrogen produced by hydrogen generators and their comparison
How does a hydrogen generator produce hydrogen? There are two primary methods used in modern hydrogen generation systems. Understanding these methods can help you choose the right equipment for your needs.
Here’s a brief comparison of the two working principles:
1. **Hydrogen Production by Alkali Electrolysis**
This is a traditional method known as diaphragm alkali electrolysis. The electrolytic cell uses an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide as the conductive medium. The separator between the two chambers is made from high-quality materials designed for aerospace-grade electrolysis, along with a grating electrode that is integrated with the end plate. This design ensures good corrosion resistance and efficient mass transfer.
When direct current is applied to the electrodes, water molecules react electrochemically at the anode and cathode. At the anode, oxygen is produced, while at the cathode, hydrogen is generated. The chemical reactions are as follows:
- Anode: 2OH⻠→ Hâ‚‚O + ½O₂↑ + 2eâ»
- Cathode: 2H₂O + 2e⻠→ 2OH⻠+ H₂↑
- Overall reaction: 2H₂O → 2H₂↑ + O₂↑
The system includes automatic control features such as voltage regulation, overvoltage protection, flow display, and flow tracking. The output of hydrogen can be precisely adjusted based on the gas consumption of the gas chromatograph under constant pressure conditions.
2. **Pure Water Electrolysis**
In this method, purified water (with a resistivity greater than 1 MΩ/cm, such as deionized or double-distilled water used in electronics or analytical applications) is fed into the anode chamber. When electricity is applied, water decomposes at the anode into oxygen and protons:
- 2Hâ‚‚O → 4H⺠+ O₂²â»
Oxygen ions (O²â») lose electrons at the anode, forming oxygen gas (Oâ‚‚), which is released from the anode chamber. A portion of the water is recycled back into the system, while the oxygen is vented through small holes in the cover.
On the cathode side, hydrogen protons (in the form of hydrated ions, HâºÂ·nHâ‚‚O) move through a solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) membrane under the influence of the electric field. They reach the cathode, where they gain electrons and form hydrogen gas. The hydrogen exits the cathode chamber, enters a gas-water separator, and the remaining water is removed.
Most of the water is recycled, and the hydrogen, which contains trace amounts of moisture, is dried to achieve a purity of 99.999% or higher.
Both methods have their advantages, and the choice depends on factors like required purity, cost, and application needs. Whether you're using hydrogen for lab analysis, fuel cell applications, or industrial processes, understanding these mechanisms can help you make an informed decision.