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Swimming pool tile plan
With the growing popularity of swimming pools, the process of tiling a pool requires careful planning and precision. It involves six essential steps that ensure both aesthetics and functionality.
A key starting point is understanding the dimensions of the pool structure. For a standard 50-meter competition pool, the actual size must be slightly oversized to account for construction tolerances. The typical size is either 50m by 25m or 50m by 21m. The walls at the ends extend from 30cm above the water surface to 80cm below. The length tolerance should be within +0.01 meters. After installing an automatic timing touch panel, the maximum allowable error is 50 meters + 0.03 meters. When calculating the renovation allowance, you need to consider the thickness of the ceramic tile (0.8cm), tile adhesive (0.7–0.8cm), leveling waterproof mortar (2.5–3.0cm), waterproof layer (0.2cm x2), electronic contact plate (1.0cm x2), and an additional 1cm. This totals up to approximately 50(25)m + 0.11m without a touch panel, and 50(25)m + 0.13m with one. The side wall spacing can have an error of ±2cm.
Next, selecting an effective waterproofing method is crucial. High-strength impervious concrete should be used during pouring and properly compacted. Once cured, a water test should be conducted to ensure there are no leaks. For the inner walls, cement-based crystalline waterproof materials are recommended, as they help in bonding the tiles to the cement mortar. All adhesives, sealants, and grouts should also be waterproof-grade.
Leveling the surfaces correctly is another critical step. After leveling, the inner wall should measure 50m (or 25m) + 0.01m, plus the thickness of the contact plates on both ends (0.01m x 2), tile thickness (8mm x 2), and adhesive thickness (7–8mm x 2), totaling 50m (or 25m) + 0.06m. Without a touch panel, the total length should be 50m (or 25m) + 0.04m. The walls should be parallel and perpendicular, with a plane error not exceeding ±2mm per square meter. The side-to-side distance error should not exceed ±2cm, and the depth should align with the tile module as per usage needs.
Establishing a baseline and positioning lines is important before tiling. The inner walls should be leveled and left to cure for a week. During this time, the surface must remain clean. Before laying tiles, mark the centerline of the pool body and divide it into sections—typically 2.5 meters or 20 bricks per side. The water level elevation should be marked along the pool edge and overflow ditch, with ash cakes placed every 2–3 meters. Horizontal elevation accuracy should be within ±2mm, and the 50m-long sides should be divided into 1m grids, further split into 125mm x 250mm sections. All baselines must be checked for accuracy.
Tiling should start from one end of the pool, moving across the bottom to the other. Standard competition pool tiles are laid following the deep blue lane markings. The Rosa tile size is 244x119mm with a 6mm joint, requiring 4 tiles per meter in length and 8 in width, totaling 32 per square meter. Check the X and Y grid lines every 2–3 meters to avoid cumulative errors.
In a standard competition pool, non-slip wool bricks are used below and above the waterline, including the lane marking areas. The final dimension of both ends must be 50 meters ±0.02 to 0.03 meters.
The adhesive should be mixed according to instructions. First, clean the surface thoroughly, ensuring it’s free of dust and oil. Apply the adhesive with a 10mm notch trowel, making sure the thickness is 7–8mm. Wait 15 minutes before tiling. Do not apply adhesive over large areas in advance, and avoid tiling if the adhesive hasn’t set. When placing tiles, check the alignment against the control lines, allowing a ±2mm deviation. Use a rubber float to ensure evenness.
At both ends of the pool, anti-slip tiles should be installed from 300mm above the water to 800mm below. The final length must meet competition standards, with a maximum error of 50m +0.01 to 0.03 meters. On both sides of the pool, non-slip pit pattern bricks should be applied as per detailed specifications. The level accuracy must be maintained, especially in counter-current pools, where side and end tolerances must not exceed ±2mm.
Tiles must be fixed for at least two days. Sealant should be applied conventionally, using a special tool to compact the joints. Any excess adhesive or caulk on the tile surface should be removed immediately with a wet cloth. After one week, the pool is ready for use.